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1.This indigenous peoples plan summarizes the Cambodia-specific analysis, strategy, and plan for addressing indigenous peoples concerns/issues for the GMS Health Security Project based on the Government’s and ADB’s policy on indigenous people as described in the ADB 2009 Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS). Indigenous Peoples (IPs) make up a small part of the population in Cambodia. They live in the poor north-eastern provinces, which is part of the project area. IPs elsewhere are mostly fully mainstreamed in Khmer society . It is practical to focus on marginalized IPs that lack access to services, are being displaced, or lack citizen rights and empowerment. In the context of the Project, this IPP focuses on the first group, remote IPs, as well as internal and external migrants, some of whom are IPs. The challenges of control of infectious diseases of regional relevance in these two subgroups are quite different.

2.The proposed GMS Health Security Project (the Project) aims to improve regional public health security by strengthening health security systems and CDC in border areas, in particular for migrants, youth, and ethnic minorities. Three outputs or outputs  are proposed: (i) improving regional cooperation and CDC in border areas, (ii) strengthening surveillance and response systems, and (iii) improving diagnostics and management of infectious diseases.

3.The project covers a total of 13 provinces in Cambodia about 7.6 million people live in targeted project areas, of whom just under half are IPs. The targeted provinces in Cambodia are Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Kampot, Kandal, Kratie, Mondulkiri, Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Ratanakiri, Stung Treng, Svay Rieng, Pailin, Tbong Khmum. The indigenous peoples found in Ratanakiri, Mondulkiri, Stung Treng, and Kratie represent about 66%, 71%, 7%, and 8%, respectively, of the total populations in these provinces. The most populous Indigenous groups are the Phong located in Mondulkiri, Stung Treng, and Ratanakri, the Tampuon located in Rattanakiri and Mondulkiri, the Kuy located in Preah Viher, and Stung Treng and the Jarai located in Rattanakiri . The five provinces in the north-east: Preah Vihear, Stung Treng, Rattanakiri, Mondulkiri, and Kratie, all have poverty rates over 30%.

4.According to ADB’s 2009 Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), the Borrower requires to prepare an Indigenous Peoples Plan (IPP) to protect and ensure benefits for EMGs affected by the Project. According to the Indigenous Peoples Safeguards Sourcebook :

“The borrower/client is responsible for assessing projects and their environmental and social impacts, preparing safeguard plans, and engaging with affected communities through information disclosure, consultation, and informed participation following all policy principles and safeguard requirements.” According to the Sourcebook, “IP safeguards are triggered when a project affects either positively or negatively and either directly or indirectly the indigenous people (para 8).” Furthermore, “the project is expected to have only limited impact and is accordingly categorized as B (para 67).”

5.As per the ADB SPS, “if Indigenous Peoples are the sole or the overwhelming majority of direct project beneficiaries and when only positive impacts are identified, the
elements of an IPP could be included in the overall project design in lieu of preparing a separate IPP.” While the project is expected to have positive impacts on IPs, they are not the sole or overwhelming majority of direct project beneficiaries. Furthermore, given the scale and complexity of this regional project, the potential for not achieving certain intended positive impact on ethnic monitories justifies a category B and warrants preparation of this IPP to help achieve intended impact on IPs and other vulnerable EMGs. Download

1.               This indigenous peoples plan summarizes the Cambodia-specific analysis, strategy, and plan for addressing indigenous peoples concerns/issues for the GMS Health Security Project based on the Governments and ADBs policy on indigenous people as described in the ADB 2009 Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS). Indigenous Peoples (IPs) make up a small part of the population in Cambodia. They live in the poor north-eastern provinces, which is part of the project area. IPs elsewhere are mostly fully mainstreamed in Khmer society[1]. It is practical to focus on marginalized IPs that lack access to services, are being displaced, or lack citizen rights and empowerment. In the context of the Project, this IPP focuses on the first group, remote IPs, as well as internal and external migrants, some of whom are IPs. The challenges of control of infectious diseases of regional relevance in these two subgroups are quite different.

2.               The proposed GMS Health Security Project (the Project) aims to improve regional public health security by strengthening health security systems and CDC in border areas, in particular for migrants, youth, and ethnic minorities. Three outputs or outputs[2] are proposed: (i) improving regional cooperation and CDC in border areas, (ii) strengthening surveillance and response systems, and (iii) improving diagnostics and management of infectious diseases.

3.               The project covers a total of 13 provinces in Cambodia about 7.6 million people live in targeted project areas, of whom just under half are IPs. The targeted provinces in Cambodia are Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Kampot, Kandal, Kratie, Mondulkiri, Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Ratanakiri, Stung Treng, Svay Rieng, Pailin, Tbong Khmum. The indigenous peoples found in Ratanakiri, Mondulkiri, Stung Treng, and Kratie represent about 66%, 71%, 7%, and 8%, respectively, of the total populations in these provinces. The most populous Indigenous groups are the Phong located in Mondulkiri, Stung Treng, and Ratanakri, the Tampuon located in Rattanakiri and Mondulkiri, the Kuy located in Preah Viher, and Stung Treng and the Jarai located in Rattanakiri[3]. The five provinces in the north-east: Preah Vihear, Stung Treng, Rattanakiri, Mondulkiri, and Kratie, all have poverty rates over 30%.



[1] In Cambodia, the official policy used by the Ministry of Rural Development is the National Policy on the Development of Indigenous Peoples (NPDIP) of 2009 uses the term ‘indigenous peoples’ rather than ‘ethnic minority people’

[2] Government uses the term ‘components’ and ADB uses ‘outputs’, therefore both terms are used in this IPP

[3] “Indigenous Peoples / Ethnic Minorities and Poverty Reduction, Cambodia, Asian Development Bank, 2002